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When at midnight I woke with tears falling on my knee You knew the pain of your child, My Mother. Your caring hands, tenderly removing the pain Your love, your care, your faith gave me strength To face the world without fear and with His strength. We will meet again on the great Judgement Day, My Mother! He has an intuitive rapport with the humblest and simplest people, an indication of his own simplicity and innate spirituality.

For myself, writing this book has been like a pilgrimage. Many of you may never Preface meet Dr Kalam in person, but I hope you will enjoy his company through this book, and that he will become your spiritual friend. I could include in this book only a few incidents among the many This might seem to disqualify me as his biographer, and I certainly narrated to me by Dr Kalam.

Later, I mustered the courage to ask him about his recollections so some individuals to the projects co-ordinated by Dr Kalam has gone that I could pen them down before they were buried irretrievably under unrecorded. Since a quarter-century of professional life separates me the sands of time. I am solely responsible for such the fading stars of dawn—all somehow stolen from his very busy shortcomings, which are, of course, completely unintentional.

There were complexities, subtleties, and intriguing metaphors and subplots in his narrative, but gradually the unfolding of his brilliant mind took the form of a continuous discourse. When I sat down to write this book, I felt that it required greater skills than I possessed.

But realising the importance of this task and regarding it an honour to have been permitted to attempt it, I prayed earnestly for the courage and calibre to complete it. Historically, people have always fought and Dr SK Salwan, who were very generous in sharing their time and among themselves on one issue or another. Prehistorically, battles were knowledge with me. With the passage of time, wars were waged over religious and ideological beliefs; and now the dominant I am thankful to Prof.

KAV Pandalai and Mr R Swaminathan, for struggle of sophisticated warfare is for economic and technological critical reviews of the text. I thank Dr B Soma Raju for his tangible, but supremacy. Consequently, economic and technological supremacy is always unspoken support, for this project. My sincere thanks go to my equated with political power and world control. A few nations who have grown very strong technologically, over the past few centuries, have wrested control, for their own purposes.

These It has been a pleasure to work with Universities Press, and the co- major powers have become the self-proclaimed leaders of the new operation of the editorial and production staff is much appreciated. What does a country of one billion people, like India, do There are many fine people, such as the photographer Mr. Prabhu, in such a situation? We have no other option but to be technologically who have selflessly enriched me and this book in ways beyond measure.

My childhood is precious to me, but would Arun Tiwari it be of interest to anyone else? In a longer life and can complete at least one of your projects. The Lord answered my prayers and Tiwari was able to get individual destiny and the social matrix in which it is embedded cannot back to work in a month.

He did an excellent job in helping to realise be seen in isolation. Having been persuaded of this, it did seem germane the Akash missile airframe from scratch within the short space of three to include the accounts of my frustrated attempt to become an Air years. He then took up the task of chronicling my story.

Over the last Force pilot and of how I became, instead of the Collector my father year, he patiently transcribed the bits and pieces of my story and dreamed I would be, a rocket engineer. He also went through my personal Finally, I decided to describe the individuals who had a profound library meticulously and selected from among the pieces of poetry those influence on my life.

This book is also by way of a submission of thanks, that I had marked while reading, and included them in the text. It is also a tribute to the unflagging enthusiasm and establishment in modern India, struggling to establish itself in the efforts of my young colleagues who helped to realise our collective technological forefront.

It is the story of national aspiration and of co- dreams. The famous words of Isaac Newton about standing on the operative endeavour. They played major roles in my life and in the story of Each individual creature on this beautiful planet is created by God Indian science.

Whatever I have achieved in life is through His help, and an expression of His will. He showered His grace on me I completed sixty years of age on 15 October I had decided through some outstanding teachers and colleagues, and when I pay my to devote my retirement to fulfilling what I saw as my duties in the tributes to these fine persons, I am merely praising His glory. All these sphere of social service. Instead, two things happened simultaneously. We are all born with a divine fire in us. Our efforts should be reminiscences with him, so that he could record them.

He was someone to give wings to this fire and fill the world with the glow of its goodness. He was a mere 32 years old, but was fighting valiantly for his life. Our locality was predominantly Muslim, but there were quite a few Hindu families too, living amicably with their Muslim neighbours. There was a very old mosque in our locality where my father would take me for evening 1 prayers. I had not the faintest idea of the meaning of the Arabic prayers chanted, but I was totally convinced that they reached God.

When my father came out of the mosque after the prayers, people of different religions would be sitting outside, waiting for him. Many of them offered bowls of water to my father who would dip his fingertips in them and say a prayer. This water was then carried home for invalids. I also remember people visiting our home to offer thanks after being cured. I was born into a middle-class Tamil family in the island town of My father always smiled and asked them to thank Allah, the benevolent Rameswaram in the erstwhile Madras state.

My father, and merciful. One of the most vivid memories true generosity of spirit. He had an ideal helpmate in my mother, of my early childhood is of the two men, each in his traditional attire, Ashiamma.

My father told me there members of our own family put together. Rather, prayer made possible a My parents were widely regarded as an ideal couple. We lived in our ancestral house, to-earth Tamil. It was a fairly large he really is, and in the stage he has reached—good or bad—every human pucca house, made of limestone and brick, on the Mosque Street in being is a specific element within the whole of the manifest divine Being. So Rameswaram. My austere father used to avoid all inessential comforts why be afraid of difficulties, sufferings and problems?

When troubles come, and luxuries. However, all necessities were provided for, in terms of try to understand the relevance of your sufferings.

Adversity always presents food, medicine or clothes. In fact, I would say mine was a very secure opportunities for introspection. She advice? He put his hands on my shoulders and looked would place a banana leaf before me, on which she then ladled rice and straight into my eyes. For quite some time he said nothing, as if he was aromatic sambhar, a variety of sharp, home-made pickles and a dollop judging my capacity to comprehend his words.

Then he answered in a low, of fresh coconut chutney. Whenever they are in trouble, they look become a close friend of mine, despite the difference in our ages. He for someone to help them. Whenever they reach an impasse, they look was about 15 years older than I and used to call me Azad. We used to to someone to show them the way out. Every recurrent anguish, longing, go for long walks together every evening. As we started from Mosque and desire finds its own special helper.

For the people who come to me Street and made our way towards the sandy shores of the island, in distress, I am but a go-between in their effort to propitiate demonic Jallaluddin and I talked mainly of spiritual matters. The atmosphere of forces with prayers and offerings. This is not a correct approach at all Rameswaram, with its flocking pilgrims, was conducive to such discussion.

One must understand the difference Our first halt would be at the imposing temple of Lord Shiva. Circling between a fear-ridden vision of destiny and the vision that enables us to around the temple with the same reverence as any pilgrim from a distant seek the enemy of fulfilment within ourselves. I remember my father starting his day at 4 a. After the namaz, he used to walk down to a small coconut with Him. He would present all his doubts to God as if He were standing grove we owned, about 4 miles from our home.

He would return, with nearby to dispose of them. I would stare at Jallaluddin and then look about a dozen coconuts tied together thrown over his shoulder, and only towards the large groups of pilgrims around the temple, taking holy dips then would he have his breakfast. This remained his routine even when in the sea, performing rituals and reciting prayers with a sense of respect he was in his late sixties.

I never doubted that the prayers in the temple reached the same I have throughout my life tried to emulate my father in my own world destination as the ones offered in our mosque. I only wondered whether of science and technology. I have endeavoured to understand the Jallaluddin had any other special connection to God. And once an me to excel in my studies and enjoyed my success vicariously. Never individual severs his emotional and physical bondage, he is on the road did I find the slightest trace of resentment in Jallaluddin for his deprivation.

Rather, he was always full of gratitude for whatever life had chosen to I was about six years old when my father embarked on the project of give him.

Nobody of my who later married my sister, Zohara. I watched the boat take shape. My father was doing good business with the boat when, one day, outside world. Jallaluddin always spoke to me about educated people, of a cyclone bringing winds of over miles per hour carried away our scientific discoveries, of contemporary literature, and of the achievements boat, along with some of the landmass of Sethukkarai.

The Pamban of medical science. Half a century later, I can still feel the surge of pride in earning commodity. By local standards, however, the personal library of STR my own money for the first time. Every child is born, with some inherited characteristics, into a specific He encouraged me to read all I could and I often visited his home to socio-economic and emotional environment, and trained in certain ways borrow books. I inherited honesty and self-discipline from my Another person who greatly influenced my boyhood was my first father; from my mother, I inherited faith in goodness and deep kindness cousin, Samsuddin.

He was the sole distributor for newspapers in and so did my three brothers and sister. But it was the time I spent with Rameswaram. The newspapers would arrive at Rameswaram station Jallaluddin and Samsuddin that perhaps contributed most to the uniqueness by the morning train from Pamban.

The was a one-man organization catering to the reading demands of the unschooled wisdom of Jallaluddin and Samsuddin was so intuitive and 1,strong literate population of Rameswaram town. These responsive to non-verbal messages, that I can unhesitatingly attribute newspapers were mainly bought to keep abreast of current developments my subsequently manifested creativity to their company in my childhood.

A few readers with a Aravindan, and Sivaprakasan. All these boys were from orthodox Hindu more cosmopolitan outlook would discuss Hitler, Mahatma Gandhi and Brahmin families. As children, none of us ever felt any difference amongst Jinnah; almost all would finally flow into the mighty political current of ourselves because of our religious differences and upbringing. Ramanadha Sastry was the son of Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the high Dinamani was the most sought after newspaper. Since reading the printed priest of the Rameswaram temple.

Later, he took over the priesthood of matter was beyond my capability, I had to satisfy myself with glancing the Rameswaram temple from his father; Aravindan went into the business at the pictures in the newspaper before Samsuddin delivered them to his of arranging transport for visiting pilgrims; and Sivaprakasan became a customers.

For reasons I have never been able to understand, a sudden demand used to arrange boats with a special platform for carrying idols of the for tamarind seeds erupted in the market.

I used to collect the seeds and Lord from the temple to the marriage site, situated in the middle of the sell them to a provision shop on Mosque Street. Events from the fetch me the princely sum of one anna. Jallaluddin would tell me stories Ramayana and from the life of the Prophet were the bedtime stories my about the war which I would later attempt to trace in the headlines in mother and grandmother would tell the children in our family. Our area, being isolated, was completely unaffected by the war.

But soon India was forced to join the Allied Forces and something One day when I was in the fifth standard at the Rameswaram like a state of emergency was declared. The first casualty came in the Elementary School, a new teacher came to our class. I used to wear a form of the suspension of the train halt at Rameswaram station. The cap which marked me as a Muslim, and I always sat in the front row newspapers now had to be bundled and thrown out from the moving next to Ramanadha Sastry, who wore a sacred thread.

The new teacher train on the Rameswaram Road between Rameswaram and Dhanuskodi. In That forced Samsuddin to look for a helping hand to catch the bundles accordance with our social ranking as the new teacher saw it, I was and, as if naturally, I filled the slot. Samsuddin helped me earn my first asked to go and sit on the back bench. The image of him weeping when I shifted to the last row headquarters in Ramanathapuram. I know you have to go away After school, we went home and told our respective parents about to grow.

Does the seagull not fly across the Sun, alone and without a the incident. Lakshmana Sastry summoned the teacher, and in our nest? You must forego your longing for the land of your memories to presence, told the teacher that he should not spread the poison of social move into the dwelling place of your greater desires; our love will not inequality and communal intolerance in the minds of innocent children. They are the sons the island.

They come through you but sense of conviction Lakshmana Sastry conveyed ultimately reformed not from you. You may give them your love but not your thoughts. For this young teacher. He but not your soul. Your soul dwells in the house of tomorrow which none did his best to break social barriers so that people from varying of us at Rameswaram can visit, not even in our dreams.

She refused to serve me in her kitchen. Sivasubramania Iyer thousand people, but the coherence and harmony of Rameswaram was was not perturbed, nor did he get angry with his wife, but instead, served absent. I missed my home and grabbed every opportunity to visit me with his own hands and sat down beside me to eat his meal. His wife Rameswaram. The pull of educational opportunities at Ramanathapuram watched us from behind the kitchen door.

I wondered whether she had was not strong enough to nullify the attraction of poli, a South Indian observed any difference in the way I ate rice, drank water or cleaned sweet my mother made. In fact, she used to prepare twelve distinctly the floor after the meal.

When I was leaving his house, Sivasubramania different varieties of it, bringing out the flavour of every single ingredient Iyer invited me to join him for dinner again the next weekend. Observing used in the best possible combinations.

My father visualized me as a Collector in the kitchen and served me food with her own hands. The Rameswaram. I tried hard to do as he said, which was to strive to control my thoughts and my mind and, through these, to influence my destiny. Ironically, that destiny did not lead me back to Rameswaram, but rather, swept me farther 2 away from the home of my childhood.

My teacher, Iyadurai Solomon, was an ideal guide for an eager young mind that was yet uncertain of the possibilities and alternatives that lay before it. He made his students feel very comfortable in class with his warm and open-minded attitude.

He used to say that a good student could learn more from a bad teacher than a poor student from even a skilled teacher. During my stay at Ramanathapuram, my relationship with him grew beyond that of teacher and pupil. To take an example from my own life, I had been fascinated by the mysteries of the sky and the flight of birds from early childhood. I used to watch cranes and seagulls soar into flight and longed to fly. Simple, provincial boy though I was, I was convinced that one day I, too, would soar up into the skies.

Indeed, I was the first child from Rameswaram to fly. Iyadurai Solomon was a great teacher because he instilled in all the children a sense of their own worth. Father used to visit each boy every night with a Bible in his hand. His energy and patience was amazing. He was a very considerate person who took care of even the most minute requirements of his students.

On One day, when I was in the fourth form, my mathematics teacher, Deepavali, on his instructions, the Brother in charge of the hostel and Ramakrishna Iyer, was teaching another class. Inadvertently, I wandered the mess volunteers would visit each room and distribute good gingelly into that classroom and in the manner of an old-fashioned despot, oil for the ritual bath.

Ramakrishna Iyer caught me by the neck and caned me in front of the whole class. Many months later, when I scored full marks in mathematics, I stayed on the St. Take my word, this boy is and the other a Syrian Christian from Kerala. The three of us had a going to bring glory to his school and to his teachers.

When I was made secretary of the vegetarian made up for the earlier humiliation! Father Kalathil, over for lunch one Sunday. Our menu included the By the time I completed my education at Schwartz, I was a self- choicest preparations from our diverse backgrounds. The result was confident boy determined to succeed. The decision to go in for further rather unexpected, but Rev.

Father was lavish in his praise of our efforts. To us, in those days, the We enjoyed every moment with Rev. Father Kalathil, who participated awareness of the possibilities for a professional education did not exist; in our unsophisticated conversation with childlike enthusiasm.

It was a higher education simply meant going to college. The nearest college memorable event for us all. My teachers at St. The In , I arrived at St. Thothathri Iyengar Intermediate examination. I was not a bright student in terms of and Prof. Suryanarayana Sastry, walking together on the campus inspires examination grades but, thanks to my two buddies back in Rameswaram, me to this day. I had acquired a practical bent of mind. When I was in the final year at St. I began to read the great classics, Tolstoy, Scott and brother Mustafa Kamal, who ran a provision store on the railway station Hardy being special favourites despite their exotic settings, and then I road, would call me in to give him a little help and then vanish for hours moved on to some works in Philosophy.

It was around this time that I together leaving the shop in my charge. I sold oil, onions, rice and developed a great interest in Physics. The fastest moving items, I found, were cigarettes and bidis. I used to wonder what made poor people smoke away their hard- The lessons on subatomic physics at St. When spared by Mustafa, I would be put in charge of his teachers, Prof. Chinna Durai and Prof. Krishnamurthy, introduced me kiosk by my younger brother, Kasim Mohammed.

There I sold novelties to the concept of the half-life period and matters related to the radioactive made of seashells. Sivasubramania Iyer, my science teacher at Rameswaram, had never taught me that most subatomic particles are At St. Father unstable and that they disintegrate after a certain time into other particles.

It is as though science as something which takes man away from God. As I look at it, the great dance of Shiva is being performed on earth during every moment the path of science can always wind through the heart.

For me, science of our existence. When I joined the B. Nor did I have any information fairy tales. I am an avid reader of books on cosmology and enjoy reading about career opportunities available to a student of science. Only after about celestial bodies. Many friends, while asking me questions related obtaining a B.

I had to to space flights, sometimes slip into astrology. Quite honestly, I have go into engineering to realise my dreams. I could have joined the never really understood the reason behind the great importance attached Engineering course long ago, right after finishing my Intermediate course. As an art, I have Better late than never, I told myself as I made the detour, applying for nothing against astrology, but if it seeks acceptance under the guise of admission into the Madras Institute of Technology MIT , regarded as science, I reject it.

I do not know how these myths evolved about planets, the crown jewel of technical education in South India at that time. The highly complicated calculations manipulated around this prestigious institution was an expensive affair. Around a thousand the precise movements of celestial bodies, to derive highly subjective rupees was required, and my father could not spare that much money. As I see it, the Earth is the most At that time, my sister, Zohara, stood behind me, mortgaging her gold powerful and energetic planet.

As John Milton puts it so beautifully in bangles and chain. I vowed to release her bangles. What if the Sun from mortgage with my own earnings. The only way before me to earn Be centre to the World, and other stars. I The planet earth, so steadfast though she seem, went ahead at full steam. In sensibly three different motions move? What fascinated me most at MIT was the sight of two Wherever you go on this planet, there is movement and life.

Even decommissioned aircraft displayed there for the demonstration of the apparently inanimate things like rocks, metal, timber, clay are full of various subsystems of flying machines. I felt a strange attraction towards intrinsic movement—with electrons dancing around each nucleus. After by the nucleus, by means of electric forces which try to hold them as completing my first year, when I had to opt for a specific branch, I close as possible.

Electrons, just like any individual with a certain amount almost spontaneously chose aeronautical engineering. The goal was very of energy, detest confinement. The tighter the electrons are held by the clear in my mind now; I was going to fly aircraft. I was convinced of nucleus, the higher their orbital velocity will be: in fact, the confinement this, despite being aware of my lack of assertiveness, which probably of electrons in an atom results in enormous velocities of about km came about because of my humble background.

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One must understand the difference between a fear-ridden vision of destiny and the vision that enables us to seek the enemy of fulfillment within ourselves. I remember my father starting his day at 4 a. After the namaz, he used to walk down to a small coconut grove we owned, about 4 miles from our home.

He would return, with about a dozen coconuts tied together thrown over his shoulder, and only then would he have his breakfast. It appears your browser does not have it turned on. Please see your browser settings for this feature. EMBED for wordpress. Want more? Advanced embedding details, examples, and help!

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There are no reviews yet. Be the first one to write a review. The entire ecological system of the region would change. The consequences of a nuclear exchange would be felt far beyond South Asia. In fact, for the moment, it is difficult not only to consider Indian missile defense effective, but to see it as a system that really exists. India has not completed a missile defense system by , in part due to its limited resources, scientific and technical difficulties, and obstacles encountered while obtaining the necessary technologies on the international market.

Despite the deficit of consensus, India continues development in the area of missile defense. Prospects for its success are actively discussed in India and abroad.

Concerns about the reaction from Pakistan and China are beginning to be substantiated. The persistent uncertainty regarding Indian missile defense continues to adversely affect regional security.

As a result, the assessments of missile and nuclear threats in South Asia, the prospects for missile defense in India, and the reactions on the part of its potential adversaries all remain relevant.

In this paper, the experts of renown analyze in great detail the internal and external factors pushing the two countries to opt for nuclear weapons. P R Kumaraswamy. Nilsu Goren. Muhammad Khan.

Parveen Bhardwaj. Yash Santani. Dr Mohd Arif. David Kinsella. Soniya Angel. Saeed Ahmed Rid. Adil Sultan. Tandu Venkanna. Priyank Patel. Monica Otieno. Richard Bitzinger. Akash Kaparthy. Amala Sheefa. Gaurav Kampani. Anup Kumar Das. Swami Narasimhananda. Memo Memocan. Naeem Salik. Riser Riser. Ravinder S Chhatwal. Pedro Fernandez. Ravi roshan. AmAn GoyAl.

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Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Abhas Mitra. Related Papers. India and Israel: Evolving Strategic Partnership. Iran Exploited Turkish Trading Firm. Resonance Satish Dhawan — A creative teacher.

Vision A Vision for the New Millennium. You will then be able to see the document with all All Rights Reserved the regular Acrobat Reader features. This book cannot be legally lent or given to others without the written permission of Sulekha. Born in , the son of a little educated boatowner in Rameswaram, Tamilnadu, he had an unparalleled career as a defence scientist, culminating in the highest civilian An Autobiography award of India, the Bharat Ratna.

My Mother! When at midnight I woke with tears falling on my knee You knew the pain of your child, My Mother. Your caring hands, tenderly removing the pain Your love, your care, your faith gave me strength To face the world without fear and with His strength.

We will meet again on the great Judgement Day, My Mother! He has an intuitive rapport with the humblest and simplest people, an indication of his own simplicity and innate spirituality. For myself, writing this book has been like a pilgrimage. Many of you may never Preface meet Dr Kalam in person, but I hope you will enjoy his company through this book, and that he will become your spiritual friend. I could include in this book only a few incidents among the many This might seem to disqualify me as his biographer, and I certainly narrated to me by Dr Kalam.

In fact, this book provides only a thumbnail had no notion of being one. It is quite possible that certain important asked him if he had a message for young Indians. His message fascinated incidents have been inadvertently dropped and that the contribution of me. Later, I mustered the courage to ask him about his recollections so some individuals to the projects co-ordinated by Dr Kalam has gone that I could pen them down before they were buried irretrievably under unrecorded.

Since a quarter-century of professional life separates me the sands of time. I am solely responsible for such the fading stars of dawn—all somehow stolen from his very busy shortcomings, which are, of course, completely unintentional. The profundity and range of his ideas Arun Tiwari mesmerized me. He had tremendous vitality and obviously received immense pleasure from the world of ideas.

His conversation was not always easy to follow, but was always fresh and stimulating. There were complexities, subtleties, and intriguing metaphors and subplots in his narrative, but gradually the unfolding of his brilliant mind took the form of a continuous discourse. When I sat down to write this book, I felt that it required greater skills than I possessed. But realising the importance of this task and regarding it an honour to have been permitted to attempt it, I prayed earnestly for the courage and calibre to complete it.

Historically, people have always fought and Dr SK Salwan, who were very generous in sharing their time and among themselves on one issue or another. Prehistorically, battles were knowledge with me.

With the passage of time, wars were waged over religious and ideological beliefs; and now the dominant I am thankful to Prof. KAV Pandalai and Mr R Swaminathan, for struggle of sophisticated warfare is for economic and technological critical reviews of the text.

I thank Dr B Soma Raju for his tangible, but supremacy. Consequently, economic and technological supremacy is always unspoken support, for this project. My sincere thanks go to my equated with political power and world control. A few nations who have grown very strong technologically, over the past few centuries, have wrested control, for their own purposes.

What does a country of one billion people, like India, do There are many fine people, such as the photographer Mr. Prabhu, in such a situation? We have no other option but to be technologically who have selflessly enriched me and this book in ways beyond measure. But, can India be a leader in the field of technology? My answer I thank them all. And let me validate my answer by narrating some And finally, my deepest gratitude to my sons, Aseem and Amol— incidents from my life.

Having been persuaded of this, it did seem germane the Akash missile airframe from scratch within the short space of three to include the accounts of my frustrated attempt to become an Air years. He then took up the task of chronicling my story. Over the last Force pilot and of how I became, instead of the Collector my father year, he patiently transcribed the bits and pieces of my story and dreamed I would be, a rocket engineer. He also went through my personal Finally, I decided to describe the individuals who had a profound library meticulously and selected from among the pieces of poetry those influence on my life.

Our efforts should be reminiscences with him, so that he could record them. He was someone to give wings to this fire and fill the world with the glow of its goodness. He was a mere 32 years old, but was fighting valiantly for his life. Our locality was predominantly Muslim, but there were quite a few Hindu families too, living amicably with their Muslim neighbours. There was a very old mosque in our locality where my father would take me for evening 1 prayers.

I had not the faintest idea of the meaning of the Arabic prayers chanted, but I was totally convinced that they reached God. When my father came out of the mosque after the prayers, people of different religions would be sitting outside, waiting for him. Many of them offered bowls of water to my father who would dip his fingertips in them and say a prayer. This water was then carried home for invalids.

I also remember people visiting our home to offer thanks after being cured. I was born into a middle-class Tamil family in the island town of My father always smiled and asked them to thank Allah, the benevolent Rameswaram in the erstwhile Madras state. My father, and merciful. One of the most vivid memories true generosity of spirit. He had an ideal helpmate in my mother, of my early childhood is of the two men, each in his traditional attire, Ashiamma.

I do not recall the exact number of people she fed every discussing spiritual matters. When I was old enough to ask questions, I day, but I am quite certain that far more outsiders ate with us than all the asked my father about the relevance of prayer. My father told me there members of our own family put together. Rather, prayer made possible a My parents were widely regarded as an ideal couple.

We lived in our ancestral house, to-earth Tamil. It was a fairly large he really is, and in the stage he has reached—good or bad—every human pucca house, made of limestone and brick, on the Mosque Street in being is a specific element within the whole of the manifest divine Being. So Rameswaram. My austere father used to avoid all inessential comforts why be afraid of difficulties, sufferings and problems? When troubles come, and luxuries. However, all necessities were provided for, in terms of try to understand the relevance of your sufferings.

Whenever they are in trouble, they look become a close friend of mine, despite the difference in our ages. He for someone to help them. Whenever they reach an impasse, they look was about 15 years older than I and used to call me Azad. We used to to someone to show them the way out. Every recurrent anguish, longing, go for long walks together every evening. As we started from Mosque and desire finds its own special helper. For the people who come to me Street and made our way towards the sandy shores of the island, in distress, I am but a go-between in their effort to propitiate demonic Jallaluddin and I talked mainly of spiritual matters.

The atmosphere of forces with prayers and offerings. This is not a correct approach at all Rameswaram, with its flocking pilgrims, was conducive to such discussion. One must understand the difference Our first halt would be at the imposing temple of Lord Shiva. Circling between a fear-ridden vision of destiny and the vision that enables us to around the temple with the same reverence as any pilgrim from a distant seek the enemy of fulfilment within ourselves.

I remember my father starting his day at 4 a. After the namaz, he used to walk down to a small coconut with Him. He would present all his doubts to God as if He were standing grove we owned, about 4 miles from our home. He would return, with nearby to dispose of them. I would stare at Jallaluddin and then look about a dozen coconuts tied together thrown over his shoulder, and only towards the large groups of pilgrims around the temple, taking holy dips then would he have his breakfast.

This remained his routine even when in the sea, performing rituals and reciting prayers with a sense of respect he was in his late sixties. I never doubted that the prayers in the temple reached the same I have throughout my life tried to emulate my father in my own world destination as the ones offered in our mosque.

Never individual severs his emotional and physical bondage, he is on the road did I find the slightest trace of resentment in Jallaluddin for his deprivation. Rather, he was always full of gratitude for whatever life had chosen to I was about six years old when my father embarked on the project of give him.

He worked at building entire island who could write English. He wrote letters for almost anybody the boat on the seashore, with the help of a relative, Ahmed Jallaluddin, in need, be they letters of application or otherwise. Nobody of my who later married my sister, Zohara. I watched the boat take shape. My father was doing good business with the boat when, one day, outside world. Jallaluddin always spoke to me about educated people, of a cyclone bringing winds of over miles per hour carried away our scientific discoveries, of contemporary literature, and of the achievements boat, along with some of the landmass of Sethukkarai.

I inherited honesty and self-discipline from my Another person who greatly influenced my boyhood was my first father; from my mother, I inherited faith in goodness and deep kindness cousin, Samsuddin. He was the sole distributor for newspapers in and so did my three brothers and sister.

But it was the time I spent with Rameswaram. The newspapers would arrive at Rameswaram station Jallaluddin and Samsuddin that perhaps contributed most to the uniqueness by the morning train from Pamban. The was a one-man organization catering to the reading demands of the unschooled wisdom of Jallaluddin and Samsuddin was so intuitive and 1,strong literate population of Rameswaram town.

These responsive to non-verbal messages, that I can unhesitatingly attribute newspapers were mainly bought to keep abreast of current developments my subsequently manifested creativity to their company in my childhood. A few readers with a Aravindan, and Sivaprakasan. All these boys were from orthodox Hindu more cosmopolitan outlook would discuss Hitler, Mahatma Gandhi and Brahmin families. As children, none of us ever felt any difference amongst Jinnah; almost all would finally flow into the mighty political current of ourselves because of our religious differences and upbringing.

Ramanadha Sastry was the son of Pakshi Lakshmana Sastry, the high Dinamani was the most sought after newspaper. Since reading the printed priest of the Rameswaram temple. Later, he took over the priesthood of matter was beyond my capability, I had to satisfy myself with glancing the Rameswaram temple from his father; Aravindan went into the business at the pictures in the newspaper before Samsuddin delivered them to his of arranging transport for visiting pilgrims; and Sivaprakasan became a customers.

For reasons I have never been able to understand, a sudden demand used to arrange boats with a special platform for carrying idols of the for tamarind seeds erupted in the market.

Our area, being isolated, was completely unaffected by the war. But soon India was forced to join the Allied Forces and something One day when I was in the fifth standard at the Rameswaram like a state of emergency was declared. The first casualty came in the Elementary School, a new teacher came to our class. I used to wear a form of the suspension of the train halt at Rameswaram station. The cap which marked me as a Muslim, and I always sat in the front row newspapers now had to be bundled and thrown out from the moving next to Ramanadha Sastry, who wore a sacred thread.

Samsuddin helped me earn my first asked to go and sit on the back bench. The image of him weeping when I shifted to the last row headquarters in Ramanathapuram.

I know you have to go away After school, we went home and told our respective parents about to grow. Does the seagull not fly across the Sun, alone and without a the incident. Lakshmana Sastry summoned the teacher, and in our nest? You must forego your longing for the land of your memories to presence, told the teacher that he should not spread the poison of social move into the dwelling place of your greater desires; our love will not inequality and communal intolerance in the minds of innocent children.

They are the sons the island. They come through you but sense of conviction Lakshmana Sastry conveyed ultimately reformed not from you. You may give them your love but not your thoughts. For this young teacher. He but not your soul. Your soul dwells in the house of tomorrow which none did his best to break social barriers so that people from varying of us at Rameswaram can visit, not even in our dreams.

His wife Rameswaram. The pull of educational opportunities at Ramanathapuram watched us from behind the kitchen door. I wondered whether she had was not strong enough to nullify the attraction of poli, a South Indian observed any difference in the way I ate rice, drank water or cleaned sweet my mother made.

In fact, she used to prepare twelve distinctly the floor after the meal. When I was leaving his house, Sivasubramania different varieties of it, bringing out the flavour of every single ingredient Iyer invited me to join him for dinner again the next weekend. Observing used in the best possible combinations.

Ironically, that destiny did not lead me back to Rameswaram, but rather, swept me farther 2 away from the home of my childhood. My teacher, Iyadurai Solomon, was an ideal guide for an eager young mind that was yet uncertain of the possibilities and alternatives that lay before it.

He made his students feel very comfortable in class with his warm and open-minded attitude. He used to say that a good student could learn more from a bad teacher than a poor student from even a skilled teacher. During my stay at Ramanathapuram, my relationship with him grew beyond that of teacher and pupil. To take an example from my own life, I had been fascinated by the mysteries of the sky and the flight of birds from early childhood. I used to watch cranes and seagulls soar into flight and longed to fly.

Simple, provincial boy though I was, I was convinced that one day I, too, would soar up into the skies.

His energy and patience was amazing. He was a very considerate person who took care of even the most minute requirements of his students. On One day, when I was in the fourth form, my mathematics teacher, Deepavali, on his instructions, the Brother in charge of the hostel and Ramakrishna Iyer, was teaching another class. Inadvertently, I wandered the mess volunteers would visit each room and distribute good gingelly into that classroom and in the manner of an old-fashioned despot, oil for the ritual bath.

Our menu included the By the time I completed my education at Schwartz, I was a self- choicest preparations from our diverse backgrounds. The result was confident boy determined to succeed. The decision to go in for further rather unexpected, but Rev. Father was lavish in his praise of our efforts.

To us, in those days, the We enjoyed every moment with Rev. Father Kalathil, who participated awareness of the possibilities for a professional education did not exist; in our unsophisticated conversation with childlike enthusiasm. It was a higher education simply meant going to college. The nearest college memorable event for us all. My teachers at St. The In , I arrived at St. Thothathri Iyengar Intermediate examination. I was not a bright student in terms of and Prof. Suryanarayana Sastry, walking together on the campus inspires examination grades but, thanks to my two buddies back in Rameswaram, me to this day.

I had acquired a practical bent of mind. When I was in the final year at St. I began to read the great classics, Tolstoy, Scott and brother Mustafa Kamal, who ran a provision store on the railway station Hardy being special favourites despite their exotic settings, and then I road, would call me in to give him a little help and then vanish for hours moved on to some works in Philosophy.

When spared by Mustafa, I would be put in charge of his teachers, Prof. Chinna Durai and Prof. Krishnamurthy, introduced me kiosk by my younger brother, Kasim Mohammed. There I sold novelties to the concept of the half-life period and matters related to the radioactive made of seashells.

Sivasubramania Iyer, my science teacher at Rameswaram, had never taught me that most subatomic particles are At St. Father unstable and that they disintegrate after a certain time into other particles.

TN Sequeira. He taught us English and was also our hostel warden. We All this I was learning for the first time. Everything solid, thus, contains much empty space within and he not talking of the same thing? I wonder why some people tend to see everything stationary contains great movement within. It is as though science as something which takes man away from God. As I look at it, the great dance of Shiva is being performed on earth during every moment the path of science can always wind through the heart.

Only after about celestial bodies. Many friends, while asking me questions related obtaining a B. I had to to space flights, sometimes slip into astrology. Quite honestly, I have go into engineering to realise my dreams. I could have joined the never really understood the reason behind the great importance attached Engineering course long ago, right after finishing my Intermediate course. As an art, I have Better late than never, I told myself as I made the detour, applying for nothing against astrology, but if it seeks acceptance under the guise of admission into the Madras Institute of Technology MIT , regarded as science, I reject it.

I The planet earth, so steadfast though she seem, went ahead at full steam. In sensibly three different motions move? What fascinated me most at MIT was the sight of two Wherever you go on this planet, there is movement and life.

The goal was very of energy, detest confinement. The tighter the electrons are held by the clear in my mind now; I was going to fly aircraft. I was convinced of nucleus, the higher their orbital velocity will be: in fact, the confinement this, despite being aware of my lack of assertiveness, which probably of electrons in an atom results in enormous velocities of about km came about because of my humble background.

Around this time, I per second! These high velocities make the atom appear a rigid sphere, made special efforts to try and communicate with different kinds of just as a fast-moving fan appears like a disc. It is very difficult to people. I often assisted my brother Kasim Mohamed in his shop selling artifacts on this street. This is his house, from where I would borrow books while at Rameswaram.

The words on the plaque read “Let not thy winged days be spent in vain. When once gone no gold can buy them back again. They are the best examples of small-town Indian teachers committed to nurturing talent. Learning without wisdom is of no use. In the course of my education at MIT, three teachers shaped my Prof. KAV Pandalai taught me aero-structure design and analysis. Their combined contributions formed the foundation on which He was a cheerful, friendly and enthusiastic teacher, who brought a I later built my professional career.

These three teachers were Prof. It was Professor Sponder, Prof. KAV Pandalai and Prof. Narasingha Rao. Each one of Pandalai who opened up the secrets of structural engineering to us.

His students were free to disagree with him on several points in the classroom. Sponder taught me technical aerodynamics. He was an Austrian with rich practical experience in aeronautical engineering. During the Prof. Narasingha Rao was a mathematician, who taught us theoretical Second World War, he had been captured by the Nazis and imprisoned aerodynamics.

I still remember his method of teaching fluid dynamics. Understandably, he had developed a very strong After attending his classes, I began to prefer mathematical physics to dislike for Germans.

Inciden- tally, the aeronautical department was any other subject. Walter Repenthin. Another well-known aeronautical design reviews. If it had not been for Prof. My teachers revealed these truths to me. Through their Notwithstanding these irritants, Prof. Sponder preserved his meticulous teaching, they created within me an excitement about individuality and maintained high professional standards.

He was always aeronautics. Their intellectual fervour, clarity of thought and passion for calm, energetic and in total control of himself. He kept abreast of the perfection helped me to launch into a serious study of fluid dynamics- latest technologies and expected his students to do the same. I consulted modes of compressible medium motion, development of shock waves him before opting for aeronautical engineering.

The trouble with The structural features of aeroplanes began to gain new meanings— Indians, Prof. Sponder used to observe, was not that they lacked biplanes, monoplanes, tailless planes, canard configured planes, delta- educational opportunities or industrial infrastructure—the trouble was in wing planes, all these began to assume increasing significance for me. Why aeronautics? Why not electrical engineering? Why not me to mould a composite knowledge.

In those days, a new climate of under stress and asking you to meet an impossible deadline. I never political enlightenment and industrial effort was sweeping across the expected you to perform so well.

I had to test my belief in God and see if it could fit into the During the rest of the period of the project, I participated in an essay matrix of scientific thinking. If so, I Tamil is my mother tongue and I am proud of its origins, which have wondered, was matter alone the ultimate reality and were spiritual been traced back to Sage Agastya in the pre-Ramayana period; its phenomena but a manifestation of matter?

Were all ethical values relative, literature dates back to the fifth century BC. It is said to be a language and was sensory perception the only source of knowledge and truth? I moulded by lawyers and grammarians and is internationally acclaimed wondered about these issues, attempting to sort out the vexing question for its clear-cut logic.

The value system did not remain outside the purview of this wonderful language. I wrote in which I had been nurtured was profoundly religious. The article that true reality lay beyond the material world in the spiritual realm, and evoked much interest and I won the competition, taking the first prize that knowledge could be obtained only through inner experience. We project to design a low-level attack aircraft together with four other were posing for a group photograph as part of a farewell ritual.

All the colleagues. I had taken up the responsibility of preparing and drawing graduating students had lined up in three rows with the professors seated the aerodynamic design. My team mates distributed among themselves in the front. Suddenly, Prof.

Sponder got up and looked for me. I was the tasks of designing the propulsion, structure, control and standing in the third row. I instrumentation of the aircraft. One day, my design teacher, Prof. I offered a dozen excuses for the future. I finally pleaded for sat with Prof. Sponder for the photograph.

There I worked on engine overhauling as part of withdrawn. I could see no other way out but to finish the task as I had a team. Hands-on work on aircraft engine overhauling was very been instructed.

That night, I remained at the drawing board, skipping educative. When a principle learnt in the classroom is borne out by dinner. On Sunday morning, I was very near completion, when unexpectedly running into an old friend among a crowd of strangers.

Srinivasan HAL, I worked on the overhauling of both piston and turbine engines. Coming straight from the gymkhana, The hazy concepts of gas dynamics and diffusion processes in the he was still in his tennis outfit and had dropped in to see my progress. After examining my work, Prof. Srinivasan hugged me affectionately I was also trained in radial engine-cum-drum operations.

I did calibrations of a fixed- pitch fan fitted to a super-charged engine. I opened up pressure and acceleration-cum-speed control systems, and air starter supply systems of turbo-engines. Getting to understand feathering, un-feathering and 3 reversing of propeller engines was very interesting. The demonstration of the delicate art of beta blade angle control by HAL technicians still lingers in my memory.

They had neither studied in major universities, nor were they merely implementing what their engineer-in-charge was suggesting. They had been working hands-on for years and this had given them something like an intuitive feel for the work. T Two alternative opportunities for employment, both close to my long- hrough the window of the compartment, I watched the standing dream of flying, presented themselves before me when I came countryside slip past.

From a distance, the men in the fields in out of HAL as a graduate aeronautical engineer. I sat glued to the window. Almost I applied for both. The interview calls arrived from both the places almost everywhere, people were engaged in some activity which had a rhythm simultaneously. The boy from the streams.

Occasionally, a child would appear and wave at the train. Coromandel Coast took a train to the North of India. My destination was more than km away, and was to be my first encounter with It is astonishing how the landscape changes as one moves northwards. The rich and fertile plains of the river Ganga and its numerous tributaries have invited invasion, turmoil, and change. The tenth century brought Muslims, who later mingled with the local people and became an integral part of this country.

One empire gave way to another. Religious conquests continued. All this time, the part of India south of the Tropic of Cancer remained largely untouched, safe behind the shield of the Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges. The Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari, and Krishna rivers had woven a net of almost unassailable protection for the tapering Indian peninsula. To bring me to Delhi, my train had crossed all these geographical impediments through the power of scientific advancement.

I did well at the interview. Then I proceeded to Dehra as you can rely upon the eternally unbroken promise of sunrise At the Selection Spring. When the student is ready, the teacher will appear—How true! Here Perhaps they were looking for physical fitness and an articulate manner. You are not I could only finish ninth in the batch of 25 examined to select eight destined to become an Air Force pilot.

What you are destined to become officers for commissioning in the Air Force. I was deeply disappointed. Forget this failure, as it was It took me some time to comprehend that the opportunity to join the Air essential to lead you to your destined path. Search, instead, for the true Force had just slipped through my fingers. I dragged myself out of the purpose of your existence. Become one with yourself, my son!

Surrender Selection Board and stood at the edge of a cliff. I knew that the days ahead would be difficult. There were questions to be answered and a plan of action to be prepared. In response, I was handed my appointment letter. I joined the next day as Senior Scientific Assistant on a basic I bathed in the Ganga and revelled in the purity of its water.

If this was to be my destiny, I thought, let walked to the Sivananda Ashram situated a little way up the hill. I could it be so. Finally, I was filled with mental peace. No more did I feel any feel intense vibrations when I entered. I saw a large number of sadhus bitterness or resentment at my failure to enter the Air Force. All this seated all around in a state of trance.

I had read that sadhus were psychic was in If I was not flying aeroplanes, I was at least helping to make I met Swami Sivananda—a man who looked like a Buddha, wearing them airworthy. During my first year in the Directorate, I carried out a a snow-white dhoti and wooden slippers.

He had an olive complexion design assignment on supersonic target aircraft with the help of the and black, piercing eyes. I was struck by his irresistible, almost child- officer-in-charge, R Varadharajan, and won a word of praise from the like smile and gracious manner. I introduced myself to the Swamiji. My Director, Dr Neelakantan. To gain shop-floor exposure to aircraft Muslim name aroused no reaction in him. Before I could speak any maintenance, I was sent to the Aircraft and Armament Testing Unit further, he inquired about the source of my sorrow.

At that time, they were involved in a tropical explanation of how he knew that I was sad and I did not ask. I participated in the performance I told him about my unsuccessful attempt to join the Indian Air Force assessment of its operation systems.

He smiled, washing away all my Even in those days, Kanpur was a very populous city. It was my first anxiety almost instantly. Then he said in a feeble, but very deep voice, experience of living in an industrial town. The cold weather, crowds, Desire, when it stems from the heart and spirit, when it is pure and noise and smoke were in total contrast to what I was used to in intense, possesses awesome electromagnetic energy.

This energy is Rameswaram. I was particularly troubled by the ubiquitous presence of released into the ether each night, as the mind falls into the sleep state. To me, it Each morning it returns to the conscious state reinforced with the cosmic seemed that a feeling of loneliness pervaded the city. The people on the currents. That which has been imaged will surely and certainly be streets had all come from their villages in search of jobs in factories, manifested. You can rely, young man, upon this ageless promise as surely leaving behind the smell of their soil and the protection of their families.

We tried to read as much literature as included in the design team. I completed this task with the other team we could find on hovercrafts, but there was not much available.

We members. Then, I undertook a preliminary design study on a Human tried to consult people knowledgeable in this area, but could find none. I later carried out the design and development of a Vertical One day, I simply took the decision to proceed with the limited information Takeoff and Landing Platform.

I was quick to see at least a metaphorical Bangalore and I was posted to the new establishment. After all, the Wright Bangalore as a city was in direct contrast to Kanpur. In fact, I feel Brothers made the first aeroplane after fixing bicycles for seven years! I saw in the GEM project great opportunities for ingenuity and growth.

I suppose, it is because Indians have been both afflicted and enriched by We went straight into hardware development after spending a few centuries of migrations. Loyalty to different rulers has dulled our capacity months on the drawing board.

Instead, we have developed an extraordinary There is always the danger that a person with my kind of background— ability to be compassionate and cruel, sensitive and callous, deep and rural or small-town, middle-class, whose parents had limited education— fickle, all at the same time. To the untrained eye, we may appear colourful will retreat into a corner and remain there struggling for bare existence, and picturesque; to the critical eye, we are but shoddy imitations of our unless some great turn of circumstance propels him into a more various masters.

In Kanpur, I saw paan-chewing imitations of Wajid Ali favourable environment. I knew I had to create my own opportunities. Shah, and in Bangalore it was replaced by dog-walking sahibs. Here too, I longed for the depth and calmness of Rameswaram. The Part by part, subsystem by subsystem, stage by stage, things started relationship between the heart and the head of an earthy Indian has moving.

He was The workload at ADE during the first year of its inception was quite keenly interested in the progress of our small project, which he envisioned light. Based on my preliminary studies on ground-handling equipment. Whenever he was in Bangalore, he always found some time equipment, a project team was formed to design and develop an to review the progress of our project.

His confidence in our ability ignited indigenous hovercraft prototype as a ground equipment machine GEM. I would enter the assembly shop leaving my other The team was a small working group, comprising four persons at the problems outside, just as my father used to enter the mosque for prayer, level of Scientific Assistant.

Our experiments with the available parts and components did not exactly The project was, by any standards, bigger than our collective delight my senior colleagues. Many even called us a group of eccentric capabilities. None of us had any experience in building a machine, let inventors in pursuit of an impossible dream.

I, being the leader of the alone a flying machine. The development are solved. We had a working. Dr Mediratta was visibly pleased And all such things as geniuses use; — with the achievement. But by this time, Krishna Menon was out of office Two bats for patterns, curious fellows! In the new order, not many A charcoal-pot and a pair of bellows. In fact, even today, we import hovercrafts. The When the project was about a year old, Defence Minister Krishna project was mired in controversies and was finally shelved.

It was a Menon made one of his routine visits to ADE. I escorted him into our new experience for me. So far, I had believed that the sky was the limit, assembly shop. Inside, on a table lay the GEM model broken down into but now it appeared that the limits were much closer. There are boundaries sub-assemblies.

The minister fired one question after another at me, determined to ensure that the prototype would go into test flight within I was unwilling to face reality. I had put my heart and soul into Nandi.

WebJan 25, · Wings of Fire Autobiography A P J Abdul Kalam PDF 25/01/ / Biography, English Books PDF / By PBe Wings of Fire Book PDF Free Download . Webnovels: Wings of Fire By A.P.J. Abdul Kalam novels free download it Jumat, 07 Oktober Wings of Fire By A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. WebNov 01, · Wings of Fire is an autography of APJ Abdul Kalam covering his early life and his work in Indian space research and missile programs. It is the story of a boy from .

Wings fire autobiography apj abdul kalam free download.Autobiography Of Dr APJ Abdul Kalam ~ Hindi and English

By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. To learn more, view our Privacy Policy. To browse Academia. At the same time as he has helped create India’s awesome weaponry, Kalam has maintained the ascetic rigour of his personal life, working 18 hours a day and practicing the veena.

With characteristic modesty, Kalam ascribes the greatness of his achievement to the influence of his teachers and mentors. He describes the struggles of his boyhood and youth, bringing alive everyday life in a small town in South India and the inspirational role of educators. He describes the role of visionary Indian scientists, such as Dr Vikram Sarabhai, and of the creation of a coordinated network of research institutions. This is also the saga of independent India’s struggle for technological self sufficiency and defensive autonomy -a story as much about politics, domestic and international, as it is about science.

This might seem to disqualify me as his biographer, and I certainly had no notion of being one. One day, while speaking to him, I Petr Topychkanov. Terrorists attack the Indian parliament and kill two ministers and 12 MPs. There is no doubt that Pakistan had a hand in this, and in a month India goes to war.

Pakistan threatens to use nuclear weapons if India does not stop the invasion. Indian troops close in on Lahore, and Pakistan launches Ghauri missiles with nuclear warheads aimed at Delhi A long-range radar for missile defense detects the Ghauri missiles 30 seconds after their launch. Five minutes later Four Pakistani Ghauri missiles explode in the sky and fall harmlessly to the ground in pieces The city of Delhi is saved. Not entirely. Among the most serious of these were the crises of and , which were characterized by a common development: an act of terrorism in India, followed by a reciprocal show of strength and a growth of mutual tensions in India and Pakistan.

Further escalation has so far been avoided, in no small measure thanks to active steps taken by other states. For many specialists in India and Pakistan, it is clear that in the event of nuclear war between two powers of such territorial proximity, there cannot be a winner. Significant areas of the South Asian region would be rendered uninhabitable.

The entire ecological system of the region would change. The consequences of a nuclear exchange would be felt far beyond South Asia. In fact, for the moment, it is difficult not only to consider Indian missile defense effective, but to see it as a system that really exists.

India has not completed a missile defense system by , in part due to its limited resources, scientific and technical difficulties, and obstacles encountered while obtaining the necessary technologies on the international market. Despite the deficit of consensus, India continues development in the area of missile defense. Prospects for its success are actively discussed in India and abroad.

Concerns about the reaction from Pakistan and China are beginning to be substantiated. The persistent uncertainty regarding Indian missile defense continues to adversely affect regional security. As a result, the assessments of missile and nuclear threats in South Asia, the prospects for missile defense in India, and the reactions on the part of its potential adversaries all remain relevant. In this paper, the experts of renown analyze in great detail the internal and external factors pushing the two countries to opt for nuclear weapons.

P R Kumaraswamy. Nilsu Goren. Muhammad Khan. Parveen Bhardwaj. Yash Santani. Dr Mohd Arif. David Kinsella. Soniya Angel. Saeed Ahmed Rid. Adil Sultan. Tandu Venkanna. Priyank Patel. Monica Otieno. Richard Bitzinger. Akash Kaparthy. Amala Sheefa. Gaurav Kampani.

Anup Kumar Das. Swami Narasimhananda. Memo Memocan. Naeem Salik. Riser Riser. Ravinder S Chhatwal. Pedro Fernandez. Ravi roshan. AmAn GoyAl. Florence Sborowsky. Ajey Lele. Toufique Sohoo. Aman Chaurasia. Reetika Dhall. Evolvehr Attiq Khan. Sandeep Sharma. Panchali Mukherjee.

Anuj Poddar. Log in with Facebook Log in with Google. Remember me on this computer. Enter the email address you signed up with and we’ll email you a reset link. Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Abhas Mitra. Related Papers. India and Israel: Evolving Strategic Partnership. Iran Exploited Turkish Trading Firm. Resonance Satish Dhawan — A creative teacher. Vision A Vision for the New Millennium. You will then be able to see the document with all All Rights Reserved the regular Acrobat Reader features.

This book cannot be legally lent or given to others without the written permission of Sulekha. Born in , the son of a little educated boatowner in Rameswaram, Tamilnadu, he had an unparalleled career as a defence scientist, culminating in the highest civilian An Autobiography award of India, the Bharat Ratna.

Acknowledgements Evening, business time before study at night. Epilogue I still remember the day when I was ten, Sleeping on your lap to the envy of my elder brothers and sisters It was full moon night, my world only you knew Mother! My Mother! When at midnight I woke with tears falling on my knee You knew the pain of your child, My Mother. Your caring hands, tenderly removing the pain Your love, your care, your faith gave me strength To face the world without fear and with His strength.

I could include in this book only a few incidents among the many This might seem to disqualify me as his biographer, and I certainly narrated to me by Dr Kalam. In fact, this book provides only a thumbnail had no notion of being one.

It is quite possible that certain important asked him if he had a message for young Indians.

Webnovels: Wings of Fire By A.P.J. Abdul Kalam novels free download it Jumat, 07 Oktober Wings of Fire By A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. WebView Details. Request a review. Learn more. WebNov 01, · Wings of Fire is an autography of APJ Abdul Kalam covering his early life and his work in Indian space research and missile programs. It is the story of a boy from . WebJan 25, · Wings of Fire Autobiography A P J Abdul Kalam PDF 25/01/ / Biography, English Books PDF / By PBe Wings of Fire Book PDF Free Download .

Whenever human beings find themselves alone, as a natural reaction, they start looking for company. Whenever they are in trouble, they look for someone to help them. Whenever they reach an impasse, they look to someone to show them the way out. Every recurrent anguish, longing. For the people who come to me in distress, I am but a go-between in their effort to propitiate demonic forces with prayers and offerings.

This is not a correct approach at all and should never be followed. One must understand the difference between a fear-ridden vision of destiny and the vision that enables us to seek the enemy of fulfillment within ourselves. I remember my father starting his day at 4 a. After the namaz, he used to walk down to a small coconut grove we owned, about 4 miles from our home.

He would return, with about a dozen coconuts tied together thrown over his shoulder, and only then would he have his breakfast. This remained his routine even when he was in his late sixties. And once an individual severs his emotional and physical bondage, he is on the road to freedom, happiness, and peace of mind. I was about six years old when my father embarked on the project of building a wooden sailboat to take pilgrims from Rameswaram to Dhanuskodi, also called Sethukkarai and back.

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Internet Arcade Console Living Room. Books to Borrow Open Library. Search the Wayback Machine Search icon An illustration of a magnifying glass. Sign up for free Log in. Pakistan threatens to use nuclear weapons if India does not stop the invasion. Indian troops close in on Lahore, and Pakistan launches Ghauri missiles with nuclear warheads aimed at Delhi A long-range radar for missile defense detects the Ghauri missiles 30 seconds after their launch. Five minutes later Four Pakistani Ghauri missiles explode in the sky and fall harmlessly to the ground in pieces The city of Delhi is saved.

Not entirely. Among the most serious of these were the crises of and , which were characterized by a common development: an act of terrorism in India, followed by a reciprocal show of strength and a growth of mutual tensions in India and Pakistan. Further escalation has so far been avoided, in no small measure thanks to active steps taken by other states. For many specialists in India and Pakistan, it is clear that in the event of nuclear war between two powers of such territorial proximity, there cannot be a winner.

Significant areas of the South Asian region would be rendered uninhabitable. The entire ecological system of the region would change. The consequences of a nuclear exchange would be felt far beyond South Asia.

In fact, for the moment, it is difficult not only to consider Indian missile defense effective, but to see it as a system that really exists. India has not completed a missile defense system by , in part due to its limited resources, scientific and technical difficulties, and obstacles encountered while obtaining the necessary technologies on the international market. Despite the deficit of consensus, India continues development in the area of missile defense. Prospects for its success are actively discussed in India and abroad.

In this paper, the experts of renown analyze in great detail the internal and external factors pushing the two countries to opt for nuclear weapons. P R Kumaraswamy. Nilsu Goren. Muhammad Khan. Parveen Bhardwaj. Yash Santani. Dr Mohd Arif. David Kinsella. Soniya Angel. Saeed Ahmed Rid. Adil Sultan. Tandu Venkanna. Priyank Patel. Monica Otieno. Richard Bitzinger. Akash Kaparthy. Amala Sheefa. Gaurav Kampani. Anup Kumar Das. Swami Narasimhananda. Memo Memocan. Naeem Salik.

Riser Riser. Ravinder S Chhatwal. Pedro Fernandez. Ravi roshan. AmAn GoyAl. Florence Sborowsky. Ajey Lele. Toufique Sohoo. Aman Chaurasia. Reetika Dhall. Evolvehr Attiq Khan. Sandeep Sharma. Panchali Mukherjee.

Iran Exploited Turkish Trading Firm. Resonance Satish Dhawan — A creative teacher. Vision A Vision for the New Millennium. You will then be able to see the document with all All Rights Reserved the regular Acrobat Reader features.

I remember the war days when life was challenge and toil— Miles to walk, hours before sunrise, Walking to take lessons from the saintly teacher near the temple. Contents Again miles to the Arab teaching school, Climb sandy hills to Railway Station Road, Collect, distribute newspapers to temple city citizens, Preface Few hours after sunrise, going to school. Acknowledgements Evening, business time before study at night. Epilogue I still remember the day when I was ten, Sleeping on your lap to the envy of my elder brothers and sisters It was full moon night, my world only you knew Mother!

In fact, this book provides only a thumbnail had no notion of being one. It is quite possible that certain important asked him if he had a message for young Indians.

His message fascinated incidents have been inadvertently dropped and that the contribution of me. Later, I mustered the courage to ask him about his recollections so some individuals to the projects co-ordinated by Dr Kalam has gone that I could pen them down before they were buried irretrievably under unrecorded. Since a quarter-century of professional life separates me the sands of time. I am solely responsible for such the fading stars of dawn—all somehow stolen from his very busy shortcomings, which are, of course, completely unintentional.

The profundity and range of his ideas Arun Tiwari mesmerized me. He had tremendous vitality and obviously received immense pleasure from the world of ideas. His conversation was not always easy to follow, but was always fresh and stimulating. There were complexities, subtleties, and intriguing metaphors and subplots in his narrative, but gradually the unfolding of his brilliant mind took the form of a continuous discourse.

When I sat down to write this book, I felt that it required greater skills than I possessed. But realising the importance of this task and regarding it an honour to have been permitted to attempt it, I prayed earnestly for the courage and calibre to complete it. Historically, people have always fought and Dr SK Salwan, who were very generous in sharing their time and among themselves on one issue or another.

Prehistorically, battles were knowledge with me. With the passage of time, wars were waged over religious and ideological beliefs; and now the dominant I am thankful to Prof. KAV Pandalai and Mr R Swaminathan, for struggle of sophisticated warfare is for economic and technological critical reviews of the text.

But, can India be a leader in the field of technology? My answer I thank them all. And let me validate my answer by narrating some And finally, my deepest gratitude to my sons, Aseem and Amol— incidents from my life. My childhood is precious to me, but would Arun Tiwari it be of interest to anyone else? In a longer life and can complete at least one of your projects.

The Lord answered my prayers and Tiwari was able to get individual destiny and the social matrix in which it is embedded cannot back to work in a month. He did an excellent job in helping to realise be seen in isolation. Having been persuaded of this, it did seem germane the Akash missile airframe from scratch within the short space of three to include the accounts of my frustrated attempt to become an Air years.

He then took up the task of chronicling my story. Over the last Force pilot and of how I became, instead of the Collector my father year, he patiently transcribed the bits and pieces of my story and dreamed I would be, a rocket engineer. He also went through my personal Finally, I decided to describe the individuals who had a profound library meticulously and selected from among the pieces of poetry those influence on my life. This book is also by way of a submission of thanks, that I had marked while reading, and included them in the text.

It is also a tribute to the unflagging enthusiasm and establishment in modern India, struggling to establish itself in the efforts of my young colleagues who helped to realise our collective technological forefront. It is the story of national aspiration and of co- dreams. The famous words of Isaac Newton about standing on the operative endeavour. They played major roles in my life and in the story of Each individual creature on this beautiful planet is created by God Indian science.

All these sphere of social service. Instead, two things happened simultaneously. We are all born with a divine fire in us. Our efforts should be reminiscences with him, so that he could record them. He was someone to give wings to this fire and fill the world with the glow of its goodness. He was a mere 32 years old, but was fighting valiantly for his life. Our locality was predominantly Muslim, but there were quite a few Hindu families too, living amicably with their Muslim neighbours.

There was a very old mosque in our locality where my father would take me for evening 1 prayers. I had not the faintest idea of the meaning of the Arabic prayers chanted, but I was totally convinced that they reached God.

I was born into a middle-class Tamil family in the island town of My father always smiled and asked them to thank Allah, the benevolent Rameswaram in the erstwhile Madras state. My father, and merciful. One of the most vivid memories true generosity of spirit. He had an ideal helpmate in my mother, of my early childhood is of the two men, each in his traditional attire, Ashiamma. I do not recall the exact number of people she fed every discussing spiritual matters.

When I was old enough to ask questions, I day, but I am quite certain that far more outsiders ate with us than all the asked my father about the relevance of prayer. My father told me there members of our own family put together. Rather, prayer made possible a My parents were widely regarded as an ideal couple.

When troubles come, and luxuries. However, all necessities were provided for, in terms of try to understand the relevance of your sufferings. Adversity always presents food, medicine or clothes. In fact, I would say mine was a very secure opportunities for introspection. She advice?

He put his hands on my shoulders and looked would place a banana leaf before me, on which she then ladled rice and straight into my eyes. For quite some time he said nothing, as if he was aromatic sambhar, a variety of sharp, home-made pickles and a dollop judging my capacity to comprehend his words. Then he answered in a low, of fresh coconut chutney. Whenever they are in trouble, they look become a close friend of mine, despite the difference in our ages.

He for someone to help them. Whenever they reach an impasse, they look was about 15 years older than I and used to call me Azad. We used to to someone to show them the way out. Every recurrent anguish, longing, go for long walks together every evening. As we started from Mosque and desire finds its own special helper. For the people who come to me Street and made our way towards the sandy shores of the island, in distress, I am but a go-between in their effort to propitiate demonic Jallaluddin and I talked mainly of spiritual matters.

Circling between a fear-ridden vision of destiny and the vision that enables us to around the temple with the same reverence as any pilgrim from a distant seek the enemy of fulfilment within ourselves.

I would stare at Jallaluddin and then look about a dozen coconuts tied together thrown over his shoulder, and only towards the large groups of pilgrims around the temple, taking holy dips then would he have his breakfast. This remained his routine even when in the sea, performing rituals and reciting prayers with a sense of respect he was in his late sixties.

I never doubted that the prayers in the temple reached the same I have throughout my life tried to emulate my father in my own world destination as the ones offered in our mosque.

I only wondered whether of science and technology. I have endeavoured to understand the Jallaluddin had any other special connection to God. And once an me to excel in my studies and enjoyed my success vicariously. Never individual severs his emotional and physical bondage, he is on the road did I find the slightest trace of resentment in Jallaluddin for his deprivation. Rather, he was always full of gratitude for whatever life had chosen to I was about six years old when my father embarked on the project of give him.

By local standards, however, the personal library of STR my own money for the first time. Every child is born, with some inherited characteristics, into a specific He encouraged me to read all I could and I often visited his home to socio-economic and emotional environment, and trained in certain ways borrow books. I inherited honesty and self-discipline from my Another person who greatly influenced my boyhood was my first father; from my mother, I inherited faith in goodness and deep kindness cousin, Samsuddin.

He was the sole distributor for newspapers in and so did my three brothers and sister. But it was the time I spent with Rameswaram.

The newspapers would arrive at Rameswaram station Jallaluddin and Samsuddin that perhaps contributed most to the uniqueness by the morning train from Pamban. The was a one-man organization catering to the reading demands of the unschooled wisdom of Jallaluddin and Samsuddin was so intuitive and 1,strong literate population of Rameswaram town.

For reasons I have never been able to understand, a sudden demand used to arrange boats with a special platform for carrying idols of the for tamarind seeds erupted in the market.

The first casualty came in the Elementary School, a new teacher came to our class. I used to wear a form of the suspension of the train halt at Rameswaram station.

The cap which marked me as a Muslim, and I always sat in the front row newspapers now had to be bundled and thrown out from the moving next to Ramanadha Sastry, who wore a sacred thread. The new teacher train on the Rameswaram Road between Rameswaram and Dhanuskodi.

In That forced Samsuddin to look for a helping hand to catch the bundles accordance with our social ranking as the new teacher saw it, I was and, as if naturally, I filled the slot.

Samsuddin helped me earn my first asked to go and sit on the back bench. The image of him weeping when I shifted to the last row headquarters in Ramanathapuram. I know you have to go away After school, we went home and told our respective parents about to grow. Does the seagull not fly across the Sun, alone and without a the incident. Lakshmana Sastry summoned the teacher, and in our nest?

You must forego your longing for the land of your memories to presence, told the teacher that he should not spread the poison of social move into the dwelling place of your greater desires; our love will not inequality and communal intolerance in the minds of innocent children. They are the sons the island. They come through you but sense of conviction Lakshmana Sastry conveyed ultimately reformed not from you.

You may give them your love but not your thoughts. For this young teacher. He but not your soul. Your soul dwells in the house of tomorrow which none did his best to break social barriers so that people from varying of us at Rameswaram can visit, not even in our dreams.

May God bless backgrounds could mingle easily. He used to spend hours with me and you, my child! His wife was horrified for my boarding there. Somehow, I did not take to the new setting. The at the idea of a Muslim boy being invited to dine in her ritually pure town of Ramanathapuram was a thriving, factious town of some fifty kitchen. She refused to serve me in her kitchen. Sivasubramania Iyer thousand people, but the coherence and harmony of Rameswaram was was not perturbed, nor did he get angry with his wife, but instead, served absent.

I missed my home and grabbed every opportunity to visit me with his own hands and sat down beside me to eat his meal. His wife Rameswaram. The pull of educational opportunities at Ramanathapuram watched us from behind the kitchen door. I wondered whether she had was not strong enough to nullify the attraction of poli, a South Indian observed any difference in the way I ate rice, drank water or cleaned sweet my mother made.

Observing used in the best possible combinations. My father visualized me as a Collector in the kitchen and served me food with her own hands. The Rameswaram. I tried hard to do as he said, which was to strive to control my thoughts and my mind and, through these, to influence my destiny. Ironically, that destiny did not lead me back to Rameswaram, but rather, swept me farther 2 away from the home of my childhood. My teacher, Iyadurai Solomon, was an ideal guide for an eager young mind that was yet uncertain of the possibilities and alternatives that lay before it.

I used to watch cranes and seagulls soar into flight and longed to fly. Simple, provincial boy though I was, I was convinced that one day I, too, would soar up into the skies. Indeed, I was the first child from Rameswaram to fly. Iyadurai Solomon was a great teacher because he instilled in all the children a sense of their own worth. Father used to visit each boy every night with a Bible in his hand.

Father Kalathil, who participated awareness of the possibilities for a professional education did not exist; in our unsophisticated conversation with childlike enthusiasm. It was a higher education simply meant going to college. The nearest college memorable event for us all.

My teachers at St. The In , I arrived at St. Thothathri Iyengar Intermediate examination. I was not a bright student in terms of and Prof. Suryanarayana Sastry, walking together on the campus inspires examination grades but, thanks to my two buddies back in Rameswaram, me to this day.

Chinna Durai and Prof. Krishnamurthy, introduced me kiosk by my younger brother, Kasim Mohammed. There I sold novelties to the concept of the half-life period and matters related to the radioactive made of seashells. Sivasubramania Iyer, my science teacher at Rameswaram, had never taught me that most subatomic particles are At St. Father unstable and that they disintegrate after a certain time into other particles. TN Sequeira. He taught us English and was also our hostel warden.

We All this I was learning for the first time. Everything solid, thus, contains much empty space within and he not talking of the same thing? I wonder why some people tend to see everything stationary contains great movement within.

As an art, I have Better late than never, I told myself as I made the detour, applying for nothing against astrology, but if it seeks acceptance under the guise of admission into the Madras Institute of Technology MIT , regarded as science, I reject it. I do not know how these myths evolved about planets, the crown jewel of technical education in South India at that time. The highly complicated calculations manipulated around this prestigious institution was an expensive affair.

Around a thousand the precise movements of celestial bodies, to derive highly subjective rupees was required, and my father could not spare that much money. As I see it, the Earth is the most At that time, my sister, Zohara, stood behind me, mortgaging her gold powerful and energetic planet. As John Milton puts it so beautifully in bangles and chain. I vowed to release her bangles.

What if the Sun from mortgage with my own earnings. The only way before me to earn Be centre to the World, and other stars. I The planet earth, so steadfast though she seem, went ahead at full steam. In sensibly three different motions move? What fascinated me most at MIT was the sight of two Wherever you go on this planet, there is movement and life. Even decommissioned aircraft displayed there for the demonstration of the apparently inanimate things like rocks, metal, timber, clay are full of various subsystems of flying machines.

I felt a strange attraction towards intrinsic movement—with electrons dancing around each nucleus. After by the nucleus, by means of electric forces which try to hold them as completing my first year, when I had to opt for a specific branch, I close as possible. Electrons, just like any individual with a certain amount almost spontaneously chose aeronautical engineering. The goal was very of energy, detest confinement. The tighter the electrons are held by the clear in my mind now; I was going to fly aircraft.

I was convinced of nucleus, the higher their orbital velocity will be: in fact, the confinement this, despite being aware of my lack of assertiveness, which probably of electrons in an atom results in enormous velocities of about km came about because of my humble background.

The words on the plaque read “Let not thy winged days be spent in vain.

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Лифт, соединяющий шифровалку с основным зданием, получал питание из главного комплекса, и оно действовало, несмотря на отключение питания шифровалки. Стратмору, разумеется, это было хорошо известно, но даже когда Сьюзан порывалась уйти через главный выход, он не обмолвился об этом ни единым словом. Он не мог пока ее отпустить – время еще не пришло.

Quite honestly, I have go into engineering to realise my dreams. I could have joined the never really understood the reason behind the great importance attached Engineering course long ago, right after finishing my Intermediate course. As an art, I have Better late than never, I told myself as I made the detour, applying for nothing against astrology, but if it seeks acceptance under the guise of admission into the Madras Institute of Technology MIT , regarded as science, I reject it.

Even decommissioned aircraft displayed there for the demonstration of the apparently inanimate things like rocks, metal, timber, clay are full of various subsystems of flying machines.

The tighter the electrons are held by the clear in my mind now; I was going to fly aircraft. I was convinced of nucleus, the higher their orbital velocity will be: in fact, the confinement this, despite being aware of my lack of assertiveness, which probably of electrons in an atom results in enormous velocities of about km came about because of my humble background.

This is his house, from where I would borrow books while at Rameswaram. The words on the plaque read “Let not thy winged days be spent in vain. When once gone no gold can buy them back again. They are the best examples of small-town Indian teachers committed to nurturing talent.

Learning without wisdom is of no use. In the course of my education at MIT, three teachers shaped my Prof. KAV Pandalai taught me aero-structure design and analysis. Their combined contributions formed the foundation on which He was a cheerful, friendly and enthusiastic teacher, who brought a I later built my professional career.

These three teachers were Prof. It was Professor Sponder, Prof. KAV Pandalai and Prof. Narasingha Rao. Each one of Pandalai who opened up the secrets of structural engineering to us. His students were free to disagree with him on several points in the classroom.

Sponder taught me technical aerodynamics. He was an Austrian with rich practical experience in aeronautical engineering. During the Prof. Narasingha Rao was a mathematician, who taught us theoretical Second World War, he had been captured by the Nazis and imprisoned aerodynamics. I still remember his method of teaching fluid dynamics. Understandably, he had developed a very strong After attending his classes, I began to prefer mathematical physics to dislike for Germans. Inciden- tally, the aeronautical department was any other subject.

Walter Repenthin. Another well-known aeronautical design reviews. If it had not been for Prof. My teachers revealed these truths to me. Through their Notwithstanding these irritants, Prof. Sponder preserved his meticulous teaching, they created within me an excitement about individuality and maintained high professional standards.

Sponder used to observe, was not that they lacked biplanes, monoplanes, tailless planes, canard configured planes, delta- educational opportunities or industrial infrastructure—the trouble was in wing planes, all these began to assume increasing significance for me. Why aeronautics? Why not electrical engineering? Why not me to mould a composite knowledge. In those days, a new climate of under stress and asking you to meet an impossible deadline.

I never political enlightenment and industrial effort was sweeping across the expected you to perform so well. I had to test my belief in God and see if it could fit into the During the rest of the period of the project, I participated in an essay matrix of scientific thinking. If so, I Tamil is my mother tongue and I am proud of its origins, which have wondered, was matter alone the ultimate reality and were spiritual been traced back to Sage Agastya in the pre-Ramayana period; its phenomena but a manifestation of matter?

All the colleagues. I had taken up the responsibility of preparing and drawing graduating students had lined up in three rows with the professors seated the aerodynamic design.

My team mates distributed among themselves in the front. Suddenly, Prof. Sponder got up and looked for me. I was the tasks of designing the propulsion, structure, control and standing in the third row. I instrumentation of the aircraft. One day, my design teacher, Prof. I offered a dozen excuses for the future. I finally pleaded for sat with Prof. Sponder for the photograph. There I worked on engine overhauling as part of withdrawn. I could see no other way out but to finish the task as I had a team.

Hands-on work on aircraft engine overhauling was very been instructed. That night, I remained at the drawing board, skipping educative. When a principle learnt in the classroom is borne out by dinner.

On Sunday morning, I was very near completion, when unexpectedly running into an old friend among a crowd of strangers. Srinivasan HAL, I worked on the overhauling of both piston and turbine engines. Coming straight from the gymkhana, The hazy concepts of gas dynamics and diffusion processes in the he was still in his tennis outfit and had dropped in to see my progress.

After examining my work, Prof. Srinivasan hugged me affectionately I was also trained in radial engine-cum-drum operations. I did calibrations of a fixed- pitch fan fitted to a super-charged engine. I opened up pressure and acceleration-cum-speed control systems, and air starter supply systems of turbo-engines. Getting to understand feathering, un-feathering and 3 reversing of propeller engines was very interesting. The demonstration of the delicate art of beta blade angle control by HAL technicians still lingers in my memory.

I sat glued to the window. Almost I applied for both. The interview calls arrived from both the places almost everywhere, people were engaged in some activity which had a rhythm simultaneously.

The boy from the streams. Occasionally, a child would appear and wave at the train. Coromandel Coast took a train to the North of India.

My destination was more than km away, and was to be my first encounter with It is astonishing how the landscape changes as one moves northwards. The rich and fertile plains of the river Ganga and its numerous tributaries have invited invasion, turmoil, and change.

The tenth century brought Muslims, who later mingled with the local people and became an integral part of this country. One empire gave way to another. Religious conquests continued. All this time, the part of India south of the Tropic of Cancer remained largely untouched, safe behind the shield of the Vindhya and Satpura mountain ranges.

The Narmada, Tapti, Mahanadi, Godavari, and Krishna rivers had woven a net of almost unassailable protection for the tapering Indian peninsula. To bring me to Delhi, my train had crossed all these geographical impediments through the power of scientific advancement. I did well at the interview. Then I proceeded to Dehra as you can rely upon the eternally unbroken promise of sunrise At the Selection Spring. When the student is ready, the teacher will appear—How true!

Here Perhaps they were looking for physical fitness and an articulate manner. You are not I could only finish ninth in the batch of 25 examined to select eight destined to become an Air Force pilot. What you are destined to become officers for commissioning in the Air Force. I was deeply disappointed.

Forget this failure, as it was It took me some time to comprehend that the opportunity to join the Air essential to lead you to your destined path. Search, instead, for the true Force had just slipped through my fingers. I dragged myself out of the purpose of your existence. Become one with yourself, my son! Surrender Selection Board and stood at the edge of a cliff. I knew that the days ahead would be difficult.

There were questions to be answered and a plan of action to be prepared. In response, I was handed my appointment letter. I joined the next day as Senior Scientific Assistant on a basic I bathed in the Ganga and revelled in the purity of its water.

All this seated all around in a state of trance. I had read that sadhus were psychic was in If I was not flying aeroplanes, I was at least helping to make I met Swami Sivananda—a man who looked like a Buddha, wearing them airworthy.

During my first year in the Directorate, I carried out a a snow-white dhoti and wooden slippers. He had an olive complexion design assignment on supersonic target aircraft with the help of the and black, piercing eyes.

I was struck by his irresistible, almost child- officer-in-charge, R Varadharajan, and won a word of praise from the like smile and gracious manner. I introduced myself to the Swamiji. My Director, Dr Neelakantan. To gain shop-floor exposure to aircraft Muslim name aroused no reaction in him. Before I could speak any maintenance, I was sent to the Aircraft and Armament Testing Unit further, he inquired about the source of my sorrow. At that time, they were involved in a tropical explanation of how he knew that I was sad and I did not ask.

I participated in the performance I told him about my unsuccessful attempt to join the Indian Air Force assessment of its operation systems. He smiled, washing away all my Even in those days, Kanpur was a very populous city.

It was my first anxiety almost instantly. Then he said in a feeble, but very deep voice, experience of living in an industrial town. The cold weather, crowds, Desire, when it stems from the heart and spirit, when it is pure and noise and smoke were in total contrast to what I was used to in intense, possesses awesome electromagnetic energy.

You can rely, young man, upon this ageless promise as surely leaving behind the smell of their soil and the protection of their families. We tried to read as much literature as included in the design team. I completed this task with the other team we could find on hovercrafts, but there was not much available.

I was also associated with the and resources available. Three years passed. This endeavour to produce a wingless, light, swift machine opened Then the Aeronautical Development Establishment ADE was born in the windows of my mind. I was quick to see at least a metaphorical Bangalore and I was posted to the new establishment. After all, the Wright Bangalore as a city was in direct contrast to Kanpur. In fact, I feel Brothers made the first aeroplane after fixing bicycles for seven years!

I saw in the GEM project great opportunities for ingenuity and growth. I suppose, it is because Indians have been both afflicted and enriched by We went straight into hardware development after spending a few centuries of migrations.

Loyalty to different rulers has dulled our capacity months on the drawing board. Instead, we have developed an extraordinary There is always the danger that a person with my kind of background— ability to be compassionate and cruel, sensitive and callous, deep and rural or small-town, middle-class, whose parents had limited education— fickle, all at the same time.

To the untrained eye, we may appear colourful will retreat into a corner and remain there struggling for bare existence, and picturesque; to the critical eye, we are but shoddy imitations of our unless some great turn of circumstance propels him into a more various masters.

In Kanpur, I saw paan-chewing imitations of Wajid Ali favourable environment. I knew I had to create my own opportunities.

Shah, and in Bangalore it was replaced by dog-walking sahibs. Here too, I longed for the depth and calmness of Rameswaram. The Part by part, subsystem by subsystem, stage by stage, things started relationship between the heart and the head of an earthy Indian has moving.

Working on this project, I learned that once your mind stretches been eroded by the divided sensibilities of our cities. I spent my evenings to a new level it never goes back to its original dimension. He was The workload at ADE during the first year of its inception was quite keenly interested in the progress of our small project, which he envisioned light.

Based on my preliminary studies on ground-handling equipment. Whenever he was in Bangalore, he always found some time equipment, a project team was formed to design and develop an to review the progress of our project.

The development are solved. We had a working. Dr Mediratta was visibly pleased And all such things as geniuses use; — with the achievement. But by this time, Krishna Menon was out of office Two bats for patterns, curious fellows!

In the new order, not many A charcoal-pot and a pair of bellows. In fact, even today, we import hovercrafts. The When the project was about a year old, Defence Minister Krishna project was mired in controversies and was finally shelved. It was a Menon made one of his routine visits to ADE. I escorted him into our new experience for me.

So far, I had believed that the sky was the limit, assembly shop. Inside, on a table lay the GEM model broken down into but now it appeared that the limits were much closer. There are boundaries sub-assemblies. The minister fired one question after another at me, determined to ensure that the prototype would go into test flight within I was unwilling to face reality.

I had put my heart and soul into Nandi. In this period of confusion and uncertainty, memories from my childhood came back to me and I The hovercraft was christened Nandi, after the bull ridden by Lord discovered new meanings in them.

For a prototype, its form, fit and finish was beyond our expectation, given the rudimentary infrastructure we possessed. One day, Dr Mediratta called with. He inquired about the state of our hovercraft. When told that it was in perfect condition to be flown, he asked me to organize a demonstration Defence Minister Krishna Menon flew in the Nandi, overruling the for an important visitor the next day. A Group Captain in the laboratory during the next week as far as I knew.

I was sure about my The next day Dr Mediratta brought a visitor to our hovercraft—a competence in flying the machine I had made, and therefore shook my tall, handsome, bearded man. He asked me several questions about the head in negation.

Observing this wordless communication, Krishna machine. I was struck by the objectivity and clarity of his thinking. His request filled me laugh and signalled to me to start the machine. He was very happy. Finally, here was someone who was interested in my work. However, the next the ground. We were not flying, but were definitely floating in the air. This was a breakthrough a young man like ride and departed. But not before introducing himself—he was Prof. Labels mattered very little.

There Rocket Engineer. I was unsure about the set up the Equatorial Rocket Launching Station at Thumba, a sleepy type of questions I would have to face at the interview. There was fishing village near Trivandrum now Thiruvananthapuram in Kerala. This was the quiet beginning of modern rocket-based research dualities which arise from wish and hate. But those in India. The site selected at Thumba lay between the railway line and men of virtuous deeds in whom sin has come to an end, the sea coast, covering a distance of about two and a half km and freed from the delusion of dualities, worship Me measuring about acres.

Within this area, stood a large church, whose steadfast in their vows. Land acquisition from private parties is always a difficult and time-consuming process, especially in densely populated I reminded myself that the best way to win was to not need to win.

In addition, there was the delicate matter of acquiring The best performances are accomplished when you are relaxed and a site of religious significance. The Collector of Trivandrum then, K free of doubt. I decided to take things as they came. Since neither Prof.

Dr I decided this was the best attitude to take. Dereira, who was the Bishop of Trivandrum in The St. Mary Magdalene church housed Commission. The prayer room was my friendliness. There was none of the arrogance or the patronising attitudes which To this day, the church is maintained in its full glory and, at present, interviewers usually display when talking to a young and vulnerable houses the Indian Space Museum.

He was looking at me as if in reference to a larger whole. I took some time off before going abroad and went to dream was enveloped by the larger dream of a bigger person. My father was very pleased to learn about the opportunity that had come my way. He took me to the mosque and organized a special namaz in thanksgiving.

I could feel the power of God flowing in a circuit through my father to me and back to God; we were all under the spell of the prayer. One of the important functions of prayer, I believe, is to act as a stimulus to creative ideas. Within the mind are all the resources required for successful living. Ideas are present in the consciousness, which when released and given scope to grow and take shape, can lead to successful events.

God, our Creator, has stored within our minds and personalities, great potential strength and ability. Sign up Log in. Web icon An illustration of a computer application window Wayback Machine Texts icon An illustration of an open book. Books Video icon An illustration of two cells of a film strip. Video Audio icon An illustration of an audio speaker. Audio Software icon An illustration of a 3.

Software Images icon An illustration of two photographs. Every recurrent anguish, longing. For the people who come to me in distress, I am but a go-between in their effort to propitiate demonic forces with prayers and offerings.

This is not a correct approach at all and should never be followed. One must understand the difference between a fear-ridden vision of destiny and the vision that enables us to seek the enemy of fulfillment within ourselves. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. Uploaded by MaheshBadgujar on September 30, Search icon An illustration of a magnifying glass.

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